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Pine Grosbeak

Pinicola enucleatorOrder: PASSERIFORMESFamily: Finches (Fringillidae)
Pine Grosbeak Head Illustration

Head

  • Bill Shape: Cone
  • Eye Color: Cinnamon to dark brown.
  • Head Pattern: Eyeline, Plain
  • Crown Color: Red
  • Forehead Color: Red
  • Nape Color: Red
  • Throat Color: Red
  • Cere color: No Data
Pine Grosbeak Body Illustration

Body

  • Length Range: 23-25 cm (9-9.75 in)
  • Weight: 57 g (2 oz)
  • Size: Size 3. Medium (9 - 16 in)
  • Color: Red, White, Black, Gray
  • Underparts: Red with gray belly and sides.
  • Upperparts: Red with gray markings.
  • Back Pattern: Striped or streaked, Solid
  • Belly Pattern: Solid
  • Breast Pattern: Solid
Pine Grosbeak Flight Illustration

Flight

  • Flight Pattern: Shallow undulations with series of rapid wing beats., Alternates several rapid wing beats with wings drawn to sides.
  • Wingspan Range: 35-38 cm (13.75-15 in)
  • Wing Shape: Rounded-Wings
  • Tail Shape: Fan-shaped Tail
  • Tail Pattern: Solid
  • Upper Tail: Black
  • Under Tail: Black
  • Leg Color: Black
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Family Buntings, Finches, Sparrows (Emberizidae)_blue
Species Pinicola enucleator
Length9 - 9.75 Inches
Wingspan14.375 Inches

Pine Grosbeak

Pine Grosbeak: Large, robust finch with red-washed black back, gray sides and undertail coverts, and pink-red rump and underparts. Head and face are pink-red; bill is heavy and black. Wings are black with two pale bars. Tail is black and slightly notched. Feeds on seeds, buds, fruits and insects.

● Song: "teu, teu, teu"

● Foraging & Feeding: Pine Grosbeak: Feeds on seeds, buds, fruits, and insects; favorites include crabapple, bittersweet, barberry, and mountain ash fruit, and birch, pine, and spruce seeds; forages in trees and on the ground.

● Breeding & nesting: Pine Grosbeak: Two to five blue green eggs with black, purple, and brown spots are laid in a bulky nest made of twigs, weeds, and rootlets, lined with hair, soft grass, moss, and lichens, and built low in a conifer, usually no more than 10 to 12 feet above the ground. Incubation ranges from 13 to 15 days and is carried out by the female.

● Similar species: Pine Grosbeak: Other grosbeaks and finches are smaller, have shorter tails, and different calls. White-winged Crossbill is smaller and has distinct white patches on wings. Red Crossbill is smaller and has forked tail.

Flight Pattern

Shallow undulations with series of rapid wing beats., Alternates several rapid wing beats with wings drawn to sides.
Pine Grosbeak Body Illustration
● Range & Habitat: Pine Grosbeak: Breeds from Alaska east to Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, and south in the western mountains to California and Arizona. Spends winters south to the Dakotas and New York but may go farther south to southern Canada and northern United States. Prefers open coniferous forests and forest edges. Winters in mixed coniferous-deciduous forests; also found in shade trees in villages and in suburbs where it looks for food.
BreedingMonogamous, Solitary nester
PopulationFairly common in coniferous range
MigrationNorthern birds migrate
Weight2 Ounces